

The title’s meaning and weight can vary. So can the responsibilities and impact of an individual engineer’s decisions. But there is a longstanding tradition of engineers as gatekeepers for quality and the ethical application of their skills.
For instance, licensed engineers in Canada have a duty to the following code of ethics. To quote the header:
Registrants shall conduct themselves with integrity, in an honourable and ethical manner. Registrants shall uphold the values of truth, honesty and trustworthiness and safeguard human life and welfare and the environment. In keeping with these basic tenets, registrants shall: […]
Yeah it’s relative… and it depends on your seniority a bit. I do feel like everyone has the capacity to at least question an unethical practice if they see it. Often that’s enough to trigger a tickle of shame in the person putting forward the idea, or at least shift the culture incrementally forward.
For instance when I was working on marketing integrations, I eventually insisted that we track explicit consent, and provide an unsubscribe option on all emails and text messages going out. If I’d just “hacked it out” like the harried director of marketing expected, well, who knows
Eventually that same director took great pride in his “clean lists,” so it was clear that he internalized some of the ethics.